Richard Fairbanks and Takeshi Yasudas Ceramics Essay example -- Arti

Richard Fairbanks' and Takeshi Yasuda's Ceramics Richard Fairbanks, although many times overlooked, was an important American ceramist. He was known as a "loner" and because of this he was never really appreciated for his talent. Fairbanks was greatly influence by his professors. Professor Paul Bonifas, who taught at the University of Washington, was one who left a huge impact on Fairbanks work. Fairbanks created a system of sketching pottery profiles, which stemmed from Bonifas’ teachings, as a mean of "thinking on paper." This approach to pottery through sketching was a crucial element that separated Fairbanks from many other Asian-inspired American peers. Although, Fairbanks was a wheel thrown expert, he continued to "think on paper" throughout his creative life. Much of what absorbs Fairbanks interests can be seen in his making of candlesticks, casseroles, and vases. During the later part of his life he created three of his final pieces. One being the Stoneware Heart Plate, 1985, secondly the Stoneware server, 1985, and thirdly the Stoneware Vase, 1985. These were three of Fairbanks last works, which suggest the direction in which he was headed, in terms of what defined his style, before he became deathly ill. The plate, which is an exploration of decoration, is liquid clay or "slip pattern" of concentric circles around a valentine heart. This plate was wheel thrown, and glazed with iron oxide and copper red washes. I find it very interesting because it seems to portray more emotion than most of his other pieces. This can probably be indirectly associated with Fairbanks illness and how he was feeling at the time. The next piece he made during his period of illness was called the "Stoneware Server." The server can be explained by "unadorned simplicity." It also takes on some style of the art deco period. Fairbanks decided that for the server, he would decorate a new style of handles. The thrown thread-spool shape. Many people explained this server as a "model of modernist formal unity." The server is covered with red matte glaze. I became attracted to this piece because of its simplicity. It creates room for interpretation, which I find culminating. His last and final piece, which is very interesting, is called the "Stoneware Vase*" It has two curled spiral handles, suggestive of ancient or pre-historic civilizat... ...s Platter is made from Creamware, which was an invention of 18th century Staffordshire. Creamware was what eventually replaced the popular thin glazed products. Yasuda gave a new name to creamware. He was impressed with its "optimistic and visually liberating appearance." Though not strongly shown in the pieces above, Yasuda's ability to control and rescue a form before a complete collapse takes place amazes me. His interest in gravity and directional pull played a huge role in Yasuda’s style. I feel strongly that Yasuda’s success comes from his love of exploration, especially of the unknown. By challenging the "normal" his pots engage and provoke his audience. Richard Fairbanks and Takeshi Yasuda are very different in nature, but I find each of their works visually and aesthetically compelling. Difference creates questions, which creates interests, which creates answers. I feel both of these men treasured simplicity in its realist form! Fairbanks and Takeshi both explored the "unknown" to create identity for themselves. The creativity, ingeniousness, and capacity of knowledge that these men display helps identify who they are and what they stand for as artists.

Natural Fires

When we speak of large scale fires, we often associate it with destructive forces that could burn properties and structures down to ashes or commit many lives. What we don’t realize is that large-scale fires have existed way back in the history of our planet, and that these fires are considered as natural occurrences. It is just our perception that lead us to our conceived meaning of fire, but truly, there are more benefits in it rather than the destruction if brings. Nature utilizes these large-scale fires for various reasons, both destructive and beneficial. We often think of fire as an evil force that consumes both living and non-living things in the environment. But besides this, we are oblivious to the fact that these fires are agents of natural change. These fires are considered as herbivores, because they consume plants and transform them to a more useful material (Bond and Kee). Most plants however, are inedible or just difficult to consume, like towering trees and the like. In order to put this into good use, fires act as herbivores that would devour an entire forest of inedible trees. They are consumed in order to transform the ecosystems into better ones, which the various creatures of our environment could live into (Pyne). No matter how man intervenes with the way the environment works, nature would always find its way with things. This is true for the occurrence of these large scale fires. Man has struggled and was somehow successful in suppressing these fires from devouring trees and other vegetations. Because of this, nature has somehow managed to adapt by increasing the temperature of the environment lately (Westerling et al.). Because of this increase in temperature, the trees in the forests become more susceptible to these fires. They easily get burned with just a little nudge, like a lit cigarette thrown into the woods, or a boy playing with some matchsticks. Works Cited: Bond, William J., and Jon E. Kee. â€Å"Fire as a Global ‘Herbivore’: The Ecology and Evolution of Flammable Ecosystems.† TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution Vol.20.No.7 (2005). Pyne, Stephen J. â€Å"Pyromancy: Reading Stories in the Flames.† Conservation Biology Vol. 18.No. 4 (2004). Westerling, A. L., et al. â€Å"Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity.† American Association for the Advancement of Science Vol. 313 (2006).      

America and Haiti Essay - 3384 Words

America and Haiti The United States interest in Haiti, as mentioned above, began a huge increase in the first decade of the twentieth century. The extent of U. S. economic penetration was not as great as that of France and Germany, but by 1910 it controlled sixty percent of Haiti’s import industry. Unfortunately, the Haitian banking system did not follow this path and was, at this time, perilously close to domination by European interests. (Langley, 1982, 70) In an effort to gain more control over Haitian economic affairs, the United States engaged in a battle with France and Germany over the Banque Nationale. Two banks from the U. S. attempted to obtain control of the bank but lost out to a German bank, which proceeded to ally itself†¦show more content†¦As U. S. Secretary of State Philander Knox stated, If hostilities between rival factions become imminent, define neutral zone and prevent fighting in the city. Land forces if necessary, safeguard American interests, and in general pre vent any action detrimental to foreign interests. (Challener, 333) However, the predicted time bomb of Haiti never went off, and the situation was left for Taft’s successor Woodrow Wilson to deal with. The Wilson Administration also saw political instability as Haiti’s primary and immediate problem. Between 1911 and U. S. military intervention in 1915, seven Haitian presidents had either been assassinated or removed from office by force. This lack of stability gave the United States yet one more excuse to get involved in Haitian matters – in order to keep European powers at bay and from taking advantage of the politically vulnerable state. In creating his Haitian political agenda, Wilson relied—to a great extent—on the advice of Banque Nationale’s American manager Roger Farnham. As stated above, Farnham and the Banque had a great deal of power over the Haitian executives. When consulted by Wilson, Farnham deduced that American business would leave the republic unless the United States intervened to protect it. (Langley, 1982, 71) Though this was certainly not the deciding factor in the intervention of the U. S., it certainly helped direct American policy down that particular path, making intervention increasinglyShow MoreRelatedHaiti Is Located In Central America, And Is Also Bordered1506 Words   |  7 PagesHaiti is located in Central America, and is also bordered by the Caribbean Sea. The size of the country is comparable to the state of Maryland in the United States; however, it is marginally smaller. As of July 2016, the estimated population was 10,485,800. (CIA) Haiti is probably most well known for being the location where a devastating earthquake hit. This earthquake took place in 2010, and it killed more than 200,000 people. (BBC News) The earthquake completely destroyed not only the land, butRead MoreCultural Diversity Project : Xavier Smith1382 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferently in Haiti language, it is spelt Xaviur instead of the American way Xavier. I ask him why does he not use the spelling of the name from Haiti and he said that it is because people usually do not pronounce his name correctly the way how he sa y it people so, he just decide to go with the how his name is spelt in America. The second question that I ask Xavier Smith was â€Å"What country were you born in and/or region?† He told me that he was born in the United States of America. The third questionRead MoreHaiti : An Island Country930 Words   |  4 PagesHaiti is an island country that borders the Dominican Republic and is also close in region to the islands of Jamaica, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. This country of Haiti has French as its national tongue, due to European colonization, however, the country is dominantly and significantly of African descent. Also, the nation’s official language is French and the native sport in Haiti is soccer. One of my good friends, Pierre Gaston, who claims the â€Å"mountainous country†(as it is translated in English)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Book Bit Me Like A Shark 1616 Words   |  7 Pages The Uses of Haiti tells the truth about uncomfortable matters—uncomfortable, that is, for the structures of power and the doctrinal framework that protects them from scrutiny. It tells the truth about what has been happening in Haiti, and the US role in its bitter fate.—Noam Chomsky, from the introduction (Farmer, Paul.). The first words I read from this book bit me like a shark. In America, there is a large myth that Haiti is the poorest country in the Western hemisphere. In his book, Paul FarmerRead MoreHistory And History Of Haiti810 Words   |  4 PagesRiver State College, best explains the modern scholarship in historiography of Haiti with his following statement, â€Å"The scholarship that does exist focuses on class and race structures, resistance of the enslaved and marronage, economic and political forces, and Toussaint Louverture.† Professor Joseph is recognizing the modern development by historians concerning the historiography of Haiti unlike the past, where Haiti was ignored and downplayed as an important event of the Age of Revolutions. ItRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between The French And Latin American Revolutions1044 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1750 to 1914, several important revolutionary processes occurred in the Americas, including those of North America and Latin America. The North American and Spanish American Revolutions were similar in that they both shared the common goal of liberation from the foreign colonial governments that ruled over them. However they differed in that there was no goal for social reform in the American Revolution, but in the Haitian Revolution the slaves had the goal of social reform of the rigid socialRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And Latin American History1278 Words   |  6 Pages The Haitian Revolution was one of the most important slave revolts in Latin American history. It started a succession of other revolutionary wars in Latin America and ended both colonialism and impe rialism in the Americas. The Haitian Revolution affected people from all social castes in Haiti including the indigenous natives, mestizos, mulattos and the Afro-Latin. The idea of starting a rebellion against France began with the colony’s white elite class seeking a capitalist market. These elites inRead MoreLatin America Revolutions Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesVienna, revolts plagued many European countries as well as several areas in Latin America. France was driven from Haiti, Portugal lost control of Brazil, and Spain was forced to withdraw from all its American empire except for Cuba and Puerto Rico. Colonial government in South America came to an end. Three countries where revolts were successfully established were Haiti, Venezuela, and Brazil. The countries in Latin America benefited from the revolts because they became free from colonial rule, but, exceptRead MoreHaitian Family Values841 Words   |  3 Pagesnecessities to be sure that the children get what they need. Mothers will feed their children and make sure they can go to school before they will eat. In Haiti, children are raised by the whole family, which includes older siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins, grandparents, and even members of the community that are not even related to the child by blood. (Haiti Index) Because respect and obedience is taught by Haitian families to children at such a young age, they usually grow up to be very obedient and respectfulRead MorePresident Clintons Foreign Relations With Cuba and Haiti Essay example1740 Words   |  7 PagesWhat justifications could the Clinton administration make when assessing their actions in both Cuba and Haiti during Clinton’s time in office? When trying to answer this question one must look at the motivation behind the administration’s actions, the principles that the administration stood behind, and the message that they were trying to deliver. The cases of Cuba and Haiti are different in various senses and in the degree of change that occurred within those countries resulting from US policies

Andrew Jackson Was A War Hero Essay - 1711 Words

Andrew Jackson was a war hero, a charismatic leader and a champion of common white American people. However, for some his critics he was a democratic autocrat, urban savage and atrocious saint. Andrew Jackson was most revered for his war heroics in 1812 but became one of the most controversial figures in American history. Andrew Jackson fervently believed that the key to American greatness was the small self-employed farmers and in order to continue this greatness, the expansion to the west was imperative so that each new generations could have farms of their own. It was this idea which made him a forceful proponent of Indian removal. And what followed was the most brutal period in American History. In early 19th century, in order to grow the cotton industry, white farm owners pressurized the government to encroach towards the south to incorporate more farm fields for increased plantation. The only barrier in their route was Native American tribes that settled the south eastern region. This land was home to the so called five civilized tribes Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chicasaw and Seminole. These tribes were called civilized by the Anglo Americans for their efforts to assimilate into white American culture. This region inhabited by native American tribes was fertile and valuable to say the least. White settlers were cognizant of the value it was going to add to their wealth. Therefore, the government was going to do anything it takes to get the hold of the land for theirShow MoreRelatedAndrew Jackson : A Symbol Of The Age Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe freedom has been given through war and key decisions made that have eventually won its independence and created the United States of America from East to West. Andrew Jackson was the president in the early 1800’s that made a considerable amount of change. Theses changes and action that he was involved in changed America forever, in which gave him the respect from the people of America. He was a symbol for his age, becoming a true historical figure and a hero for the people. He defeated the BritishRead MoreThe War Of 1812 By Andrew Jackson1681 Words   |  7 PagesFrom being a well-known war hero in the War of 1812 to becoming the 7th president of the United States, Andrew Jackson lived a marvelous life. His past life may have affected him greatly, but it never stopped him from moving to one role to another. In addition, Jackson had gone through great lengths to obtain his position and popularity as president. He was the first self-made man, who started from very low points in his life, who became president. Furthermore, he was well known for his casual temperRead MoreEssay about Andrew Jackson7 65 Words   |  4 Pages Andrew Jackson   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrew Jackson was born in the Waxhaws near the border of North and South Carolina, on March 15, 1767. When Andrew Jackson was born, no one probably guessed that he would be the seventh president of the United States of America. He wasn’t a â€Å"high class† person or had all the same credentials, but he became a war hero thus lifting him to his presidency.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andy Jackson was born the third child of Scotch-Irish parents. Jackson’s father, also named Andrew, died as a resultRead MoreAndrew Jacksons Leadership in the Battle of New Orleans Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesHistory 485-01 â€Å"Andrew Jackson, The Battle of New Orleans† Andrew Jackson was born in rural South Carolina March 15, 1767, the son of impoverished Irish immigrants. He received no formal education as young child and became a messenger boy in the American Revolution at the age of 13. At the Age of 35, he was elected to the Tennessee Militia as a Major General.(LOC) The Battle of New Orleans took place on January 8, 1815 and was the final major battle of the War of 1812. In this decisiveRead MoreAndrew Jackson : The Age Of Jackson1376 Words   |  6 Pagesknown as â€Å"The Age of Jackson†, America was a country on its way to the West. America’s revolutionary generation was quickly fading, making room for a new balance of political power. As the class systems were breaking down, the â€Å"common man† was better able to cast his vote for the new President. Jackson was glorified by his impressive war accomplishments and humble background of the frontier. This made him the main target for presidency in electio n 1824. Once coming to power, Jackson no longer portrayedRead MoreAndrew Jackson1431 Words   |  6 Pages Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United Stated of America, was born on March 15, 1767 and died on June 8, 1845 in Nashville, Tennessee. Jackson’s parents Andrew and Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson were Presyberitains, Scots-Irish settlers whom in 1765 emigrated from Ireland. Andrew’s birthplace is deduced to have been at one of his uncles houses in the Waxhaw’s area between North Carolina and South Carolina, his exact whereabouts is unknown. Jacksons mother emigrated across the AppalachianRead MoreAndrew Jackson 3 Essays1624 Words   |  7 PagesMcQuade U.S. History 1-c Laba term paper April 17, 2013 Andrew Jackson Throughout the years there have been many presidents, but Andrew Jackson was different. He had many different policies, and his personality set him apart from a lot of other presidents. Andrew Jackson was the seventh president but some would consider him to be the first because he seemed so different from others. Andrew Jackson did not have the easiest childhood while growing up, his father hadRead MoreWar : The War Of 18121543 Words   |  7 Pagesa well-known war hero in the War of 1812 to becoming the 7th president of the United States, Andrew Jackson lived a marvelous life. His past life may have affected him greatly, but it never stopped him from moving to one role to another. Furthermore, not only was he president, but he was also a major general in the army and has been very victorious and successful in leading his troops. Jackson had gone through great lengths to obtain his position and popularity as president. He was the first self-madeRead More Andrew Jackson Essay1079 Wo rds   |  5 Pages Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, was born the Waxhaw territory, lying between North and South Carolina on March 15, 1767. Jackson was the third child of Scotch-Irish parents. His father died as the result of a logging accident just a few weeks before Andrew was born. Jacksons mother, Elizabeth Hutchison Jackson, was regarded as a very independent woman. After her husbands death, she raised her three sons at the home of one of her relatives. The Declaration of IndependenceRead MoreAndrew Jacksons Presidency: Inefficient or Efficient?651 Words   |  3 Pagespresident of the United States, Andrew Jackson, made the presidency more powerful because he represented the â€Å"common man.† Jackson grew up in the rural parts of South Carolina and when he was thirteen years old, he joined the army at during the American Revolution War. Jackson was involved in many wars and became a war hero. He fought in the American Revolution and the War of 1812. After serving at war, he would serve two terms as president from 1829-1837. Jackson is the father of the Democratic

Age of Revolutions Essay - 1523 Words

) What do you think was the most important outcome of the Age of Revolutions? There have been several vital products of the Age of Revolutions but most importantly was the introduction of post-colonial attitudes with the need of self-governess away from empires overseas. This was achieved through the democracy and constitutions which still are the most important legacy existing in the modern world. It this outcome that societies were able to create influential pieces of works and change how societies operated on a daily bases with the United States composing the Declaration of Independence in 1776 establishing the cornerstone of this period of paradoxically an era of stability and anarchy. This essay aims to support this claim that†¦show more content†¦The American settlers were left at outlaws and out of sovereignty protection under King George III of England while still able to be charge for breaking British reforms and laws such as smuggling across the Trans-Atlantic tr ade routes after August 1775. These goods included tea, coffee and other raw goods that supplied England’s industry and production of goods causing a disruption in slave trade and income through transnational trade which vital to the upkeep of the colonies during times of financial difficulties such as the introduction of the Stamp Act of 1765 on all documentations and newspaper to finance Britain’s Seven Years War between 1756 and 1763. Another significant event, The Boston Tea Party of 1773 due to the taxation under the Tea Act depicts the civil unrest of colonists against the British Parliament and to regain rights to trade without taxation. The need to sever ties with England not only signalled the transition from colonialists to become freed men but during the American Revolutionary War it allowed the equality of colonialists as equal men thus it is the liberal ideals and the post-colonial attitudes created by mistreatment of the government that highlight the ou tcome of this rebellious period. Another symbolic event that drove the Age of Revolution was the French Revolution due to its new reforms introduced that began to place the needs of the state before theShow MoreRelatedThe Age of Revolutions1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe Age of Revolutions is often a term used for a period of time, usually between 1760 -1848. Although the term encompasses many revolutions across the globe, it isn’t very often that these events are examined as a whole; compared and contrasted to show the similarities, differences, and even some potential catalytic properties between them. The book The Age of Revolutions in Global Context, c. 1760-1840, put together and edited by David Armitage and Sanjay Subrahmanyam, is a book of essays collaboratedRead MoreThe Age Of Revolution And The European Revolution1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe age of revolution was a powerful dynamic age in the European politics and the European Society that started in 1789 and ended in 1848. During this era, radical citizens and reforming governments in Europe changed the existing laws and the ruling structure in a way that created the forms of the existing modern Europe states. The age was very revolutionary as it gave the introduction to new systems within Europe. The era was both an age of destruction as well as a catalyst for growth. Also, theRead MoreAge of Revolutions Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesThe age of revoltion was a historical time frame that took place between 1775 to 1848 which encompassed numerous social, cultural and political shifts that harboured significant implications on the growth of the development of the novel as a genre. Through the social mechanics of increased living standards, the creation of the middle class, elevated literacy levels and wider book distribution and publication, the novel genre saw indespensible changes which have persisted throughout time. Prior toRead MoreThe Age of Reason and Revolution Essay810 Words   |  4 PagesThe Age of Reason and Revolution Many individuals that lived in the period of time known as the Age of Reason, discovered many new inventions and advancements to improve the quality of life. Some of these advantages brought fourth new ideas to extraordinary people who forever changed the way we look at life. Although many people found these discoveries to bring great revival to mankind, others rejected these new improvements and felt as if they were defying god. TheseRead MoreThe Neolithic Revolution And The Paleolithic Age Essay965 Words   |  4 Pages The Neolithic Revolution began in Southwest Asia and other areas during 10,000 B.C.E to 3, 000 B.C.E (Council for Economic Education, 2012). The Neolithic Revolution also known as the Agricultural Revolution was a new way of life. Our society is constantly changing and moving forward. As a part of human culture, humans strive to learn, discover, create and evolve (Barber, n.d.). As a society, we have made many technological and social advancements, but have we ever taken the time to appreciateRead MoreAge Of Reason And The Scientific Revolution1089 Words   |  5 PagesWorld History Honors 11 March 2015 Age of Reason The Age of Reason took place in Europe from the mid 1500s and ended in the late 1700s. This can be categorized into two different time periods. First, was the Scientific Revolution when many scholars created new ways of thinking about the natural world. The Scientific Revolution ended around the late 1600s. Although this time period was over, common ideas spread to the next period. The second time period in the Age of Reason was the EnlightenmentRead MoreAge of Enlightenment and Glorious Revolution622 Words   |  3 Pagesof democracy. (There are ten items that need information.) Answer: A Bird’s-Eye View 1 Renaissance and Reformation During the Renaissance, Europe was charged with a new spirit of inquiry. 2 English monarchy The Glorious Revolution 1 Charles II King Charles II, like his executed father, found Parliament troublesome and tried to rule without it. 2 James II and the idea of the divine right of kings – Kings would only receive power from God, and were answerableRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Age Of Enlightenment854 Words   |  4 PagesBorn of two fathers, the American Revolution and the age of enlightenment, the French revolution was primarily a social upheaval that conspired to overthrow religious and privileged classes. The French Revolution changed the degree to which the people were willing to suffer and sacrifice in order to achieve their war aims through democratizing the Army and creating the necessity of larger political alliances than ever before. Guibert wrote in his Essai: Imagine that there arose in Europe a peopleRead MoreThe Age Of Enlightenment And The Scientific Revolution1675 Words   |  7 Pagesand the world evolved giving rise to the establishment of new social norms and scientific advances. Although the industrial revolution and the scientific revolution represented a giant leap forward in human development, the Age of Enlightenment delivered the greatest influence for the future American society and planted the way for cultural and humanistic enrichment. The Age of the Enlightenment raised new concepts in education, democracy, and human freedom. The new humanistic philosophy promotedRead MoreIndustrial Revolution And The Industrial Age984 Words   |  4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution affected all aspects of American life, and it provoked more changes than just those in the factories. How one experienced the Industrial Revolution depended on where one lived. By 1900, more than a third of America’s people lived in cities, and city p opulations were growing twice as fast as the population as a whole. Between 1870 and 1920, the number of Americans living in cities increased fivefold, from 10 million to 54 million. Most of the massive industries of the Industrial

Management Accounting Recognized and Assessed Business

Question: Describe about the Management Accounting for Recognized and Assessed Business. Answer: Business Risk and inherent Risk Assessments Business is associated with many risk factors which need to be recognized and assessed properly. The major problem with HIH Insurance is that the risks were not identified and reviewed in time by the directors which lead to a loss amounting to 5.3 billion and effectively causing the company to collapse. So the assessment of HIH insurance will be on the operational and financial risk. Operational risk occurs from the companys own in-house actions of the business. It analyses other risks such as legal, physical and environmental (Rose, 2013). A proper evaluation on the companys work procedure and operations will assist in discovering the errors and rectifying it as and when required for it to develop and grow (Adams Borsellino, 2015). Financial risk is linked with the companys financial activities and transactions and the outcome of financial operations involved in companys work process (Bobtcheff et al., 2016) Proper identification of financial risk will safeguard the company from adverse financial situation and debts. HIH insurance succumbed due to non-assessment of risks in proper time as it is imperative on a companys part to identify, manage and reduce risks properly through proper managerial control (Betta, 2016). HIH insurances risk was broad enough to cause a severe damage. There are several inherent risk factors effecting HIH at the financial report level like poor financial results, overcooking of cash and debtors figure and underpinning of creditors and bad debt amount to consolidate the position of balance sheet. HIH insurances poor financial result was due to the overstated sales figure which was done to show high profitability when the real story was something else. Inherent risk of HIH included the continuation of solvency margins, statement of sufficient premiums and the liquidity factor. HIH insurance entered areas which were prone to high risks such as marine insurance whose work practices differs logic than the normal insurance profession. The internal control system of HIH failed to identify or detect the material error. The detection risk is mainly associated with different auditing actions depending on performance which fails to recognize the material errors (Tricker Tricker, 2014). HIH needed to plan good and in proper time to lessen the chances of not being able to detect material misstatement. In HIH insurance, the internal audit documents are lacking performance in its substantive measures which will ensure proper settlement in future income tax benefits and goodwill of the firm. Legal Liability The limited knowledge of auditors failed to identify the inherent risks with changes that took place the previous year. The focus is on the auditing reports signifying the concerns related with the HIH practices for increased risks. The cases are linked with adequate measures in auditing procedures with intended managed auditing risks. The issues are related to the inadequate auditor independence linked up with the presentation in the non audit services. For clients: The focus has been on presentation to show up the inadequate preparation that relates to goodwill next to the deferred acquisition cost and income tax benefits. If the client company is thinking of hiring the prior auditors, then its going to directly affect the independence of external auditing. The present auditors are hold in good position because of the power they possess. For creditors: The creditors need to focus on the bare minimum solvency requirement which is based on the firm being solvent at the time of declaration of the director. The HIH desires to focus on the cash position where the extensive analysis is based on operational and financial activities. There is a need for prudential margins leading to the policy of reservation depending on the handling of the company. The negligence action of HIH insurance is related to the acceleration of changes in the legislation. The crisis has been related to prices and the availability of insurance. These are mainly connected to law of negligence. The major issues which are related to charges are politically reinforced associated with the direct liability pattern of government and re-insurance. The non executive directors lacked freedom in their work as it is evident from the structure of HIH insurance. Arthur Andersons secretarial firm boasted of five members and the same were holding the board of directors position in HIH insurance. For non-auditing services the company did expend $1.671 million and $1.7 million for auditing purposes. Fees arising from auditing services caused a great deal of distraction to the independent company directors (Tricker, 2015). The corporate governance was the guilty party in the negligence of the company. -insurance companys process is greatly subjected by the risk management of the concerned group. HIHs investment failed badly as witnessed in the presentation of risk management (Damiani et al., 2015). The directors negligence played a role in the decision strategys setback which eventually led to the collapse (Carnegie and OConnell, 2014). -inadequate independent information was negligence on the part of the management as they did not provide relevant information to the non executive directors which have to be focused on. The non-executive directors did not enjoy the liberty in forming the view concerning the companys financial statements. Ethics The main spotlight has been on the lack of evidence in the alteration that have been made in different accounts before the release of the audit reports. The refusal to pay the increased auditing fees is based on the close relationship with non-auditing services. The company wants to hire prior members of its external audit team for various reasons: The auditors are habituated enough to work with the company They seem to have good knowledge about different financial matters The management has decided on working with a proper process of audit and developing a strong bond with the auditors The auditors need to uphold a professionalism approach that maintains proper goodwill of the company. The auditors should be able to put their faith on the client executives to that extent which do not paralyses the work procedure of external auditors. Most of the times the auditing companies do provide non-auditing services too with proper management consultancy and recommending in tax matters. The objective is based on conducting a report where a particular clients information relies on his source of income. The auditors are always in the habit of holding reports and the changes for the different reports about the financial status of a company with maximum profits. Difference has been noted in the profitability margin of non audit services with those of traditional auditing. Traditional auditing has always been viewed as a service necessary for regulatory purposes which incurred a downward slide of the fees, whereas the growth of non-audit services activate the struggle for authority and control of the management. Using the same firm for both the auditing and consulting services helps the client in putting a check on the extra expenses and time, as the firm does not need to spend any extra moment or charge extra to get familiar w ith the process. In addition to that will be the service providers best ways of dealing with adverse conditions and situations that may arise accordingly and provide the best solutions from its significant experience in dealing within the same industry. Moreover many clients have restricted themselves in hiring accounting firms who deal with clients of the same industry to evade any loss of priceless information (Healy, 2013). There are other cost benefits too that goes with the theory of assigning a single accounting firm for both auditing and consulting services. For auditors it is not possible to always believe their client executives. The auditors do their work based on auditing evidence Auditors do find it difficult at times when they confront managements who do not disclose everything that is required (Haines, 2013). HIH insurance highlights on different facts to check operations with regards to quantity. The employees need to put their best foot forward while dealing with customers and are set to bring highest ethical standards of behavior (J. Clout et al., 2013). Business should be carried out according to the appropriate laws and regulations with suitable codes and corporate standards that subsist in a country. The employees associated with an organization along with the contractors require meeting the highest level of ethical behavioral standards related to revelation of information in the accounting practices and dealings in Fosters share. The primary recommendations for audit reform proposed by the Ramsay report are: A statement should be included in the Corporations Act that will present the auditors with freedom to work. An auditor should make an annual statement to the Board of Directors that the auditor has retained their liberty in accordance with the act and rules given in the accounting bodies. Outlining proscribed relationships involving the auditor and the client. Only employment related relationships are emphasized on among the client and the auditor and the auditing staff is viable. One relationship that was barred is a situation where a retired auditor partner joins a companys Board of Directors team, something which was witnessed in the HIH insurance. An auditory independence supervisory board is to be set up with the vast majority of the members in such a board will be autonomous of accounting profession. The independence supervisory board will be assisting in recommending and observing of independence issues of auditors. The audit committee needs to make different perceptions about non-audit services, relation between auditor and client, audit fees and independence related to auditors work. The Ramsay report recommendations have found support from the accounting professional bodies. However, the Current Affairs in Auditing April edition exposed that HIHs collapse led many observers of auditing believe that the Ramsay report recommendations did not go the distance. Ramsays recommendation report on independent and consulting services were deemed to be too weak to put into effect. They were totally demanding for a ban on the auditors contribution in providing consulting services to audit clients. The recommendations of audit reform according to auditors liberty and the regulation of auditors was that an auditors independence is directly related to the reliability and consistency of auditors reports (Sirtes et al., 2016). The draft Bill draws on the HIH Royal commission report (HIHRC) and the Ramsay report in meeting upon the magnitude of an autonomous audit in capital market competence. This can be attained through adding importance to financial report by bettering the dependability which in turn should help in lessening the cost of capital by dropping information risk and upgrading the value to capital markets by intensifying the reliability of financial statements. According to CLERP 9 changes there are quite a few other disclosures related to auditors that are required to be made by the listed companies in their annual reports (Carey et al., 2014). A copy of the Auditors independence declaration must be attached with the directors report The listed companies must reveal in their annual directors report the fees charged by the auditor for providing service in each in each non-audit process, explaining in details the nature of the service (Houghton et al., 2013). A statement should be issued in the annual directors report that they are pleased with stipulation made in the non-audit service, as well as explanation of the service and it does not compromise freedom. There are going to be several changes in the practice of auditing due to the recommendations made in the Ramsay Report and CLERP 9. The auditor should be given the required liberty to work freely without being influenced by the client company (Kuan, 2014). It is the responsibility of the auditor to present impartial and truthful professional opinion on the financial statements to the shareholders. The threats that are associated with the audit profession like intimidation threat, trust threat and familiarity threat will be reduced to a large extent if recommendations are put into practice. There is requirement for independence as third parties and client of financial statements do not possess adequate information and facts to recognize the actuals of companys annual reports (Crockett Ali, 2015). These parties depend too much on the assessment made by auditor. Publics confidence on financial markets depends partially on the views and information presented by auditors in tandem with t he financial audits. References: Adams, M., Borsellino, G. (2015). Is there a positive link between corporate governance and board diversity? Lessons from Asia.Journal of Business Systems, Governance Ethics,10(1) Betta, M. (2016). Three Case Studies: Australian HIH, American Enron, and Global Lehman Brothers. InEthicmentality-Ethics in Capitalist Economy, Business, and Society(pp. 79-97). Springer Netherlands Bobtcheff, C., Chaney, T., Gollier, C. (2016). Analysis of Systemic Risk in the Insurance Industry.The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review,41(1), 73-106. Carey, P. J., Monroe, G. S., Shailer, G. (2014). Review of Postà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ CLERP 9 Australian Auditor Independence Research.Australian Accounting Review,24(4), 370-380. Carnegie, G. D., OConnell, B. T. (2014). A longitudinal study of the interplay of corporate collapse, accounting failure and governance change in Australia: Early 1890s to early 2000s.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(6), 446-468. Crockett, M., Ali, M. J. (2015). Auditor independence and accounting conservatism: Evidence from Australia following the corporate law economic reform program.International Journal of Accounting Information Management,23(1), 80-104. Damiani, C., Bourne, N., Foo, M. (2015). The HIH claims support scheme.Economic Round-up, (1), 37. Haines, F. (2013). Corporate fraud as misplaced confidence? Exploring ambiguity in the accuracy of accounts and the materiality of money.Theoretical Criminology, 1362480613502069. Healy, J. (2013). The Paradox of Regulation: What Regulation Can Achieve and What It Cannot.Medical Law Review,21(1), 161-165. Houghton, K. A., Kend, M., Jubb, C. (2013). The CLERP 9 audit reforms: Benefits and costs through the eyes of regulators, standard setters and audit service suppliers.Abacus,49(2), 139-160. Clout, V., Chapple, L., Gandhi, N. (2013). The impact of auditor independence regulations on established and emerging firms.Accounting Research Journal,26(2), 88-108. Kuan, K. T. C. (2014). Auditor independence: an analysis of the adequacy of selected provisions in CLERP 9. Rose, H. (2013). How insurance companies can become good corporate citizens.Risk Management,60(5), 38 Sirtes, G., Lo Surdo, A., White, R. (2016). Corporations law and class actions: Court Tricker, B. (2015).Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Tricker, B., Tricker, G. (2014).Business Ethics: A Stakeholder, Governance and Risk Approach. Routledge.

Power of Group Influence

This part of the paper will discuss two group-related incidents. The first incident occurred last Sunday during the group meeting for our Youth Empowerment Movement (YEM). YEM is a multicultural all inclusive Christian youth group that focuses on helping youths cope with challenges, initiating development activities in their community, identification and promotion of youth talents, and promotion of social integration in our communities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During that meeting, Jose and Santos arrived in the meeting very late. In addressing them our chairman said that â€Å"you two Hispanics it quite clear that you are always late for meetings, I think it’s your culture that encourages this lazy behaviour and due to your laziness I demand written explanation to this effect and an apology to the other members.† Coincidentally, the t wo were the only members of Hispanics origin in our group and were the only people who were late that day. The second incidence occurred in our advanced calculus lecture when the lecturer was handing back our continuous assessment results. During that time, the lecturer, while referring to smith, said that â€Å"you Japanese it seems that you and your people you do not perform well in my classes.† These statements were discriminatory since referring to people by their race/ethnicity can be quite discriminating especially in situation where these people are perceived as minority. In addition, these statements were very discriminatory due to the fact of associating any people’s race/ethnicity with laziness or non-performing aspects, hence a bias incident. Further, the remarks can fuel racial divisions or misunderstandings within the group, since it can be interpreted as racial bias of given people to the others, thus, members of the group may start taking sides. I agree with the statement that, â€Å"never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world.† This is because, normally, a good idea or intention comes from one person or a small group that then spreads and works for it, which eventually helps other people and the world at large. For example, the International Red Cross Movement was founded from the idea of a young Swiss businessman, Jean Henry Dunant, who after witnessing condition of wounded soldiers in 1859 during the battle of Franco-Austrian, organized for relief services with the help of the local community immediately (Indian Red Cross, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this event, Henry wrote a book Memory of Solferino, which he used it to influence like-minded people around the world who during the Geneva Convention of 1864 founded the International Red Cross that serves the world in times of difficulties such as hunger, war and diseases (Indian Red Cross, 2008). Noble idea of few committed citizens has led to revolution or creation of countries that have significantly transformed the world in many ways. For example, the Founding Fathers of the United States of America were a small group of political leaders and statesmen, who took part in the American Revolution by signing the United States Declaration of Independence in July 4, 1776 and establishing the United States Constitution (Founding Fathers, 2010). Through their visionary leadership, these leaders were able to create a great nation that has been able to intervene in various global matters ranging from hunger, peace initiatives, war, and transformation of the world in various other aspects such as democracy, capitalism, and technological advancements. In support of the earlier statement, it is very clear that masses generally do not come up with a great idea; rather, it is the leaders or a small portion of the population that come up with the original idea and spread it to the larger population. This population eventually adopts it, leading to a successful group influence, which can be felt even globally. References Founding Fathers. (2010). History of the USA. Retrieved from: http://www.foundingfathers.info/. Indian Red Cross. (2008). History of Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Retrieved from http://www.indianredcross.org/origin.htm.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Power of Group Influence was written and submitted by user Mark Conrad to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.